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Recent activity in Probability and Statistics
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TIFR ECE 2023 | Question: 13
Let $X$ be a random variable which takes values $1$ and $-1$ with probability $1 / 2$ each. Suppose $Y=X+N$, where $N$ is a random variable independent of $X$ ... $0$ $1 / 8$ $1 / 4$ $1 / 2$ None of the above
Let $X$ be a random variable which takes values $1$ and $-1$ with probability $1 / 2$ each. Suppose $Y=X+N$, where $N$ is a random variable independent of $X$ with the fo...
makhdoom ghaya
160
points
137
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makhdoom ghaya
edited
Nov 3, 2023
Probability and Statistics
tifrece2023
engineering-mathematics
probability
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TIFR ECE 2023 | Question: 8
Suppose a bag contains $5$ red balls, $3$ blue balls, and $2$ black balls. Balls are drawn without replacement until the bag is empty. Let $X_{i}$ be a random variable which takes value $1$ if the $i$-th ball drawn is red, value $2$ if that ball is blue, and $3$ if it is ... $\text{(i), (ii),}$ and $\text{(iii)}$ None of $\text{(i), (ii),}$ or $\text{(iii)}$
Suppose a bag contains $5$ red balls, $3$ blue balls, and $2$ black balls. Balls are drawn without replacement until the bag is empty. Let $X_{i}$ be a random variable wh...
makhdoom ghaya
160
points
135
views
makhdoom ghaya
edited
Nov 3, 2023
Probability and Statistics
tifrece2023
engineering-mathematics
probability
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TIFR ECE 2023 | Question: 7
Let $f(x)$ be a positive continuous function on the real line that is the density of a random variable $X$. The differential entropy of $X$ is defined to be $-\int_{-\infty}^{\infty} f(x) \ln f(x) d x$. In which case does $X$ have the least differential entropy? You may use these facts: The ... $f(x):=(1 / 4) e^{-|x| / 2}$. $f(x):=e^{-2|x|}$.
Let $f(x)$ be a positive continuous function on the real line that is the density of a random variable $X$. The differential entropy of $X$ is defined to be $-\int_{-\inf...
makhdoom ghaya
160
points
122
views
makhdoom ghaya
recategorized
Nov 3, 2023
Probability and Statistics
tifrece2023
engineering-mathematics
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TIFR ECE 2023 | Question: 1
Consider a fair coin with probability of heads and tails equal to $1 / 2$. Moreover consider two dice, first $\mathrm{D}_{1}$ that has three faces numbered $1,3,5$ and second $\mathrm{D}_{2}$ that has three faces numbered $2,4,6$ ... dice in the experiment. What is $\mathbb{E}[X]$ ? $\frac{7}{2}$ $4$ $3$ $\frac{9}{2}$ None of the above
Consider a fair coin with probability of heads and tails equal to $1 / 2$. Moreover consider two dice, first $\mathrm{D}_{1}$ that has three faces numbered $1,3,5$ and se...
makhdoom ghaya
160
points
307
views
makhdoom ghaya
edited
Oct 31, 2023
Probability and Statistics
tifrece2023
probability
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5
GATE ECE 2010 | Question: 27
A fair coin is tossed independently four times. The probability of the event "the number of times heads show up is more than the number of times tails show up" is $\frac{1}{16}$ $\frac{1}{8}$ $\frac{1}{4}$ $\frac{5}{16}$
A fair coin is tossed independently four times. The probability of the event "the number of times heads show up is more than the number of times tails show up" is$\frac{1...
Lakshman Bhaiya
13.5k
points
60
views
Lakshman Bhaiya
recategorized
Jan 27, 2023
Probability and Statistics
gate2010-ec
probability-and-statistics
probability
independent-events
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1
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6
GATE ECE 2011 | Question: 36
A fair dice is tossed two times. The probability that the second toss results in a value that is higher than the first toss is $2 / 36$ $2 / 6$ $5 / 12$ $1 / 2$
A fair dice is tossed two times. The probability that the second toss results in a value that is higher than the first toss is$2 / 36$$2 / 6$$5 / 12$$1 / 2$
Lakshman Bhaiya
13.5k
points
58
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Lakshman Bhaiya
recategorized
Jan 27, 2023
Probability and Statistics
gate2011-ec
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probability
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7
TIFR ECE 2010 | Question: 16
Consider two independent random variables $\text{X}$ and $\text{Y}$ having probability density functions uniform in the interval $[0,1]$. The probability that $\text{X + Y}>1.5$ is $1 / 4$ $1 / 8$ $1 / 3$ $\operatorname{Pr}\{\text{X + Y} <0.25\}$ None of the above
Consider two independent random variables $\text{X}$ and $\text{Y}$ having probability density functions uniform in the interval $[0,1]$. The probability that $\text{X + ...
Lakshman Bhaiya
13.5k
points
112
views
Lakshman Bhaiya
recategorized
Jan 18, 2023
Probability and Statistics
tifr2010
probability-and-statistics
probability
probability-density-function
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8
TIFR ECE 2010 | Question: 3
Consider two independent random variables $\text{X}$ and $\text{Y}$ having probability density functions uniform in the interval $[0,1]$. When $\alpha \geq 1$, the probability that $\max (\text{X, Y})>\alpha \min (\text{X, Y})$ is $1 /(2 \alpha)$ $\exp (1-\alpha)$ $1 / \alpha$ $1 / \alpha^{2}$ $1 / \alpha^{3}$
Consider two independent random variables $\text{X}$ and $\text{Y}$ having probability density functions uniform in the interval $[0,1]$. When $\alpha \geq 1$, the probab...
Lakshman Bhaiya
13.5k
points
92
views
Lakshman Bhaiya
recategorized
Jan 18, 2023
Probability and Statistics
tifr2010
probability-and-statistics
probability
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9
TIFR ECE 2011 | Question: 11
What is the value of $\lambda$ such that $\operatorname{Prob}\{X>\operatorname{mean}\{X\}\}=1 / e$, where $\text{PDF}$ of $X$ is $p_{X}(x)=\lambda e^{-\lambda x}, x \geq 0, \lambda>0?$ $1$ $1 / e$ $1 / \sqrt{e}$ $1 / e^{2}$ All of the above
What is the value of $\lambda$ such that $\operatorname{Prob}\{X>\operatorname{mean}\{X\}\}=1 / e$, where $\text{PDF}$ of $X$ is $p_{X}(x)=\lambda e^{-\lambda x}, x \geq ...
Lakshman Bhaiya
13.5k
points
90
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Lakshman Bhaiya
edited
Jan 18, 2023
Probability and Statistics
tifr2011
probability-and-statistics
probability
poisson-distribution
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10
TIFR ECE 2011 | Question: 9
Consider two independent random variables $X$ and $Y$ having probability density functions uniform in the interval $[-1,1]$. The probability that $X^{2}+Y^{2}>1$ is $\pi / 4$ $1-\pi / 4$ $\pi / 2-1$ Probability that $X^{2}+Y^{2}<0.5$ None of the above
Consider two independent random variables $X$ and $Y$ having probability density functions uniform in the interval $[-1,1]$. The probability that $X^{2}+Y^{2}>1$ is$\pi /...
Lakshman Bhaiya
13.5k
points
93
views
Lakshman Bhaiya
recategorized
Jan 18, 2023
Probability and Statistics
tifr2011
probability-and-statistics
probability
probability-density-function
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1
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11
TIFR ECE 2012 | Question: 15
Consider a string of length $1 \mathrm{~m}$. Two points are chosen independently and uniformly random on it thereby dividing the string into three parts. What is the probability that the three parts can form the sides of a triangle? $1 / 4$ $1 / 3$ $1 / 2$ $2 / 3$ $3 / 4$
Consider a string of length $1 \mathrm{~m}$. Two points are chosen independently and uniformly random on it thereby dividing the string into three parts. What is the prob...
Lakshman Bhaiya
13.5k
points
163
views
Lakshman Bhaiya
recategorized
Jan 17, 2023
Probability and Statistics
tifr2012
probability-and-statistics
probability
uniform-distribution
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TIFR ECE 2012 | Question: 14
Let $X$ and $Y$ be indepedent, identically distributed standard normal random variables, i.e., the probability density function of $X$ is \[f_{X}(x)=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2 \pi}} \exp \left(-\frac{x^{2}}{2}\right),-\infty<x<\infty. \] The random variable $Z$ is defined ... none of the above
Let $X$ and $Y$ be indepedent, identically distributed standard normal random variables, i.e., the probability density function of $X$ is\[f_{X}(x)=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2 \pi}}...
Lakshman Bhaiya
13.5k
points
87
views
Lakshman Bhaiya
recategorized
Jan 17, 2023
Probability and Statistics
tifr2012
probability-and-statistics
probability
normal-distribution
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13
TIFR ECE 2012 | Question: 13
Consider a single amoeba that at each time slot splits into two with probability $p$ or dies otherwise with probability $1-p$. This process is repeated independently infinitely at each time slot, i.e. if there are any amoebas left at time slot $t$, then they all split independently into ... $\min \left\{\frac{1 \pm \sqrt{1-4 p(1-p)}}{2(1-p)}\right\}$ None of the above
Consider a single amoeba that at each time slot splits into two with probability $p$ or dies otherwise with probability $1-p$. This process is repeated independently infi...
Lakshman Bhaiya
13.5k
points
91
views
Lakshman Bhaiya
recategorized
Jan 17, 2023
Probability and Statistics
tifr2012
probability-and-statistics
probability
independent-events
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14
TIFR ECE 2012 | Question: 12
In modeling the number of health insurance claims filed by an individual during a three year period, an analyst makes a simplifying assumption that for all non-negative integer up to $5$. \[ p_{n+1}=\frac{1}{2} p_{n} \] where $p_{n}$ denotes the probability that a ... files more than two claims in this period? $7 / 31$ $29 / 125$ $1 / 3$ $13 / 125$ None of the above
In modeling the number of health insurance claims filed by an individual during a three year period, an analyst makes a simplifying assumption that for all non-negative i...
Lakshman Bhaiya
13.5k
points
94
views
Lakshman Bhaiya
recategorized
Jan 17, 2023
Probability and Statistics
tifr2012
probability-and-statistics
probability
conditional-probability
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0
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15
TIFR ECE 2012 | Question: 11
A Poisson random variable $X$ is given by $\operatorname{Pr}\{X=k\}=\mathrm{e}^{-\lambda} \lambda^{k} / k !, k=0,1,2, \ldots$ for $\lambda>0$. The variance of $X$ scales as $\lambda$ $\lambda^{2}$ $\lambda^{3}$ $\sqrt{\lambda}$ None of the above
A Poisson random variable $X$ is given by $\operatorname{Pr}\{X=k\}=\mathrm{e}^{-\lambda} \lambda^{k} / k !, k=0,1,2, \ldots$ for $\lambda>0$. The variance of $X$ scales ...
Lakshman Bhaiya
13.5k
points
75
views
Lakshman Bhaiya
recategorized
Jan 17, 2023
Probability and Statistics
tifr2012
probability-and-statistics
probability
poisson-distribution
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TIFR ECE 2012 | Question: 10
Suppose three dice are rolled independently. Each dice can take values $1$ to $6$ with equal probability. Find the probability that the second highest outcome equals the average of the other two outcomes. Here, the ties may be resolved arbitrarily. $1 / 6$ $1 / 9$ $39 / 216$ $7 / 36$ $43 / 216$
Suppose three dice are rolled independently. Each dice can take values $1$ to $6$ with equal probability. Find the probability that the second highest outcome equals the ...
Lakshman Bhaiya
13.5k
points
87
views
Lakshman Bhaiya
recategorized
Jan 17, 2023
Probability and Statistics
tifr2012
probability-and-statistics
probability
independent-events
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1
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0
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17
TIFR ECE 2014 | Question: 18
A non-negative loss in a car accident is distributed with the following probability density function \[ f(x)=\frac{1}{10} \exp (-x / 10) \] for $x \geq 0$. Suppose that first $5$ units of loss is incurred by the insured and the remaining loss if any is covered by the ... $5+10 \exp \left(-\frac{1}{2}\right)$ $15 \exp \left(-\frac{1}{2}\right)$
A non-negative loss in a car accident is distributed with the following probability density function\[f(x)=\frac{1}{10} \exp (-x / 10)\]for $x \geq 0$. Suppose that first...
Lakshman Bhaiya
13.5k
points
112
views
Lakshman Bhaiya
recategorized
Jan 17, 2023
Probability and Statistics
tifr2014
probability-and-statistics
probability
probability-density-function
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TIFR ECE 2014 | Question: 17
Let $X$ be a Gaussian random variable with mean $\mu_{1}$ and variance $\sigma_{1}^{2}$. Now, suppose that $\mu_{1}$ itself is a random variable, which is also Gaussian distributed with mean $\mu_{2}$ and variance $\sigma_{2}^{2}$. Then the distribution ... variable with mean $\mu_{2}$ and variance $\sigma_{1}^{2}+\sigma_{2}^{2}$. Has no known form. None of the above.
Let $X$ be a Gaussian random variable with mean $\mu_{1}$ and variance $\sigma_{1}^{2}$. Now, suppose that $\mu_{1}$ itself is a random variable, which is also Gaussian d...
Lakshman Bhaiya
13.5k
points
92
views
Lakshman Bhaiya
recategorized
Jan 17, 2023
Probability and Statistics
tifr2014
probability-and-statistics
probability
normal-distribution
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1
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0
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19
TIFR ECE 2014 | Question: 16
A fair dice (with faces numbered $1, \ldots, 6$ ) is independently rolled twice. Let $X$ denote the maximum of the two outcomes. The expected value of $X$ is $4 \frac{1}{2}$ $3 \frac{1}{2}$ $5$ $4 \frac{17}{36} $ $4 \frac{3}{4}$
A fair dice (with faces numbered $1, \ldots, 6$ ) is independently rolled twice. Let $X$ denote the maximum of the two outcomes. The expected value of $X$ is$4 \frac{1}{2...
Lakshman Bhaiya
13.5k
points
35
views
Lakshman Bhaiya
recategorized
Jan 17, 2023
Probability and Statistics
tifr2014
probability-and-statistics
probability
expectation
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1
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0
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20
TIFR ECE 2014 | Question: 14
Suppose that a random variable $X$ has a probability density function \[ \begin{aligned} f(x) & =c(x-4) \quad \text { for } 4 \leq x \leq 6 \\ & =0 \quad \text { for all other } x \end{aligned} \] for some constant $c$. What is the expected value of $X$ given that $X \geq 5?$ $5 \frac{5}{9}$ $5 \frac{1}{2}$ $5 \frac{3}{4}$ $5 \frac{1}{4}$ $5 \frac{5}{8}$
Suppose that a random variable $X$ has a probability density function\[\begin{aligned}f(x) & =c(x-4) \quad \text { for } 4 \leq x \leq 6 \\& =0 \quad \text { for all othe...
Lakshman Bhaiya
13.5k
points
99
views
Lakshman Bhaiya
recategorized
Jan 17, 2023
Probability and Statistics
tifr2014
probability-and-statistics
probability
probability-density-function
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–
1
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0
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21
TIFR ECE 2014 | Question: 12
Assume that $Y, Z$ are independent, zero-mean, continuous random variables with variances $\sigma_{Y}^{2}$ and $\sigma_{Z}^{2},$ respectively. Let $X=Y+Z$. The optimal value of $\alpha$ which minimizes $\mathbb{E}\left[(X-\alpha Y)^{2}\right]$ ... $1$ $\frac{\sigma_{Y}^{2}}{\sigma_{Z}^{2}}$ None of the above.
Assume that $Y, Z$ are independent, zero-mean, continuous random variables with variances $\sigma_{Y}^{2}$ and $\sigma_{Z}^{2},$ respectively. Let $X=Y+Z$. The optimal va...
Lakshman Bhaiya
13.5k
points
120
views
Lakshman Bhaiya
recategorized
Jan 17, 2023
Probability and Statistics
tifr2014
probability-and-statistics
probability
random-variable
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22
TIFR ECE 2014 | Question: 3
For a non-negative continuous random variable $X$, which of the following is TRUE? $E\{X\}=\int_{0}^{\infty} P(X>x) d x$. $E\{X\}=\int_{0}^{\infty} P(X \leq x) d x$. $P(X<x) \leq \frac{E\{X\}}{x}$. $(a)$ and $(c)$. None of the above.
For a non-negative continuous random variable $X$, which of the following is TRUE?$E\{X\}=\int_{0}^{\infty} P(X>x) d x$.$E\{X\}=\int_{0}^{\infty} P(X \leq x) d x$.$P(X<x)...
Lakshman Bhaiya
13.5k
points
98
views
Lakshman Bhaiya
recategorized
Jan 17, 2023
Probability and Statistics
tifr2014
probability-and-statistics
probability
random-variable
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1
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0
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23
TIFR ECE 2014 | Question: 1
Consider two independent and identically distributed random variables $X$ and $Y$ uniformly distributed in $[0,1]$. For $\alpha \in[0,1]$, the probability that $\alpha \max (X, Y)<\min (X, Y)$ is $1 /(2 \alpha)$. $\exp (1-\alpha)$ $1-\alpha$ $(1-\alpha)^{2}$ $1-\alpha^{2}$
Consider two independent and identically distributed random variables $X$ and $Y$ uniformly distributed in $[0,1]$. For $\alpha \in[0,1]$, the probability that $\alpha \m...
Lakshman Bhaiya
13.5k
points
122
views
Lakshman Bhaiya
recategorized
Jan 17, 2023
Probability and Statistics
tifr2014
probability-and-statistics
probability
uniform-distribution
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24
TIFR ECE 2013 | Question: 18
Consider a coin tossing game between Santa and Banta. Both of them toss two coins sequentially, first Santa tosses a coin then Banta and so on. Santa tosses a fair coin: Probability of heads is $1 / 2$ and probability of tails is $1 / 2$. Banta's coin probabilities depend on ... the two trials conducted by each of them? $1 / 2$ $5 / 16$ $3 / 16$ $1 / 4$ $1 / 3$
Consider a coin tossing game between Santa and Banta. Both of them toss two coins sequentially, first Santa tosses a coin then Banta and so on. Santa tosses a fair coin: ...
Lakshman Bhaiya
13.5k
points
48
views
Lakshman Bhaiya
recategorized
Jan 17, 2023
Probability and Statistics
tifr2013
probability-and-statistics
probability
conditional-probability
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25
TIFR ECE 2013 | Question: 17
Consider four coins, three of which are fair, that is they have heads on one side and tails on the other and both are equally likely to occur in a toss. The fourth coin has heads on both sides. Given that one coin amongst the four is picked at random and is tossed, and the ... is the probability that its other side is tails? $1 / 2$ $3 / 8$ $3 / 5$ $3 / 4$ $5 / 7$
Consider four coins, three of which are fair, that is they have heads on one side and tails on the other and both are equally likely to occur in a toss. The fourth coin h...
Lakshman Bhaiya
13.5k
points
40
views
Lakshman Bhaiya
recategorized
Jan 17, 2023
Probability and Statistics
tifr2013
probability-and-statistics
probability
random-variable
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26
TIFR ECE 2013 | Question: 16
A surprise quiz contains three multiple choice questions; question $1$ has $3$ suggested answers, question $2$ has four, and question $3$ has two. A completely unprepared student decides to choose the answers at random. If $X$ is the number of questions the student answers ... expected number of correct answers is $15 / 12$ $7 / 12$ $13 / 12$ $18 / 12$ None of the above
A surprise quiz contains three multiple choice questions; question $1$ has $3$ suggested answers, question $2$ has four, and question $3$ has two. A completely unprepared...
Lakshman Bhaiya
13.5k
points
72
views
Lakshman Bhaiya
recategorized
Jan 17, 2023
Probability and Statistics
tifr2013
probability-and-statistics
probability
random-variable
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0
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27
TIFR ECE 2013 | Question: 14
$X, Y, Z$ are integer valued random variables with the following two properties: $X$ and $Y$ are independent. For all integer $x$, conditioned on the event $\{X=x\}$, we have that $Y$ and $Z$ are independent (in other words, conditioned on ... and $Z$ are independent Conditioned on $Z$, the random variables $X$ and $Y$ are independent All of the above None of the above
$X, Y, Z$ are integer valued random variables with the following two properties:$X$ and $Y$ are independent.For all integer $x$, conditioned on the event $\{X=x\}$, we ha...
Lakshman Bhaiya
13.5k
points
41
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Lakshman Bhaiya
recategorized
Jan 17, 2023
Probability and Statistics
tifr2013
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probability
random-variable
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28
TIFR ECE 2013 | Question: 9
Let $X$ and $Y$ be two zero mean independent continuous random variables. Let $Z_{1}=\max (X, Y)$, and $Z_{2}=\min (X, Y)$. Then which of the following is TRUE. $Z_{1}$ and $Z_{2}$ are uncorrelated. $Z_{1}$ and $Z_{2}$ are independent. $P\left(Z_{1}=Z_{2}\right)=\frac{1}{2}$. Both $(a)$ and $(c)$ Both $(a)$ and $(b)$
Let $X$ and $Y$ be two zero mean independent continuous random variables. Let $Z_{1}=\max (X, Y)$, and $Z_{2}=\min (X, Y)$. Then which of the following is TRUE.$Z_{1}$ an...
Lakshman Bhaiya
13.5k
points
80
views
Lakshman Bhaiya
recategorized
Jan 17, 2023
Probability and Statistics
tifr2013
probability-and-statistics
probability
random-variable
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29
TIFR ECE 2013 | Question: 4
Consider a fair coin that has probability $1 / 2$ of showing heads $(\text{H})$ in a toss and $1 / 2$ of showing tails $(\text{T})$. Suppose we independently flip a fair coin over and over again. What is the probability that $\text{HT}$ sequence occurs before $\text{TT}?$ $3 / 4$ $1 / 2$ $2 / 3$ $1 / 3$ $1 / 4$
Consider a fair coin that has probability $1 / 2$ of showing heads $(\text{H})$ in a toss and $1 / 2$ of showing tails $(\text{T})$. Suppose we independently flip a fair ...
Lakshman Bhaiya
13.5k
points
84
views
Lakshman Bhaiya
recategorized
Jan 17, 2023
Probability and Statistics
tifr2013
probability-and-statistics
probability
conditional-probability
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1
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0
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30
TIFR ECE 2015 | Question: 14
Consider a frog that lives on two rocks $A$ and $B$ and moves from one rock to the other randomly. If it is at Rock $A$ at any time, irrespective of which rocks it occupied in the past, it jumps back to Rock $A$ with probability $2 / 3$ and instead jumps to Rock ... of $n$ jumps as $n \rightarrow \infty?$ $1 / 2 $ $2 / 3$ $1$ The limit does not exist None of the above
Consider a frog that lives on two rocks $A$ and $B$ and moves from one rock to the other randomly. If it is at Rock $A$ at any time, irrespective of which rocks it occupi...
Lakshman Bhaiya
13.5k
points
92
views
Lakshman Bhaiya
recategorized
Jan 17, 2023
Probability and Statistics
tifr2015
probability-and-statistics
probability
conditional-probability
limits
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1
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0
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31
TIFR ECE 2015 | Question: 10
Let $X$ be a uniform random variable between $[0,1]$. And let \[ M=\min _{m X \geq 1, m \in \mathbb{N}} m . \] Then which of the following is true? $E(M)=\infty$ $E(M) \in[5,10]$ $E(M)=\exp (1)$ $E(M)=\pi$ None of the above
Let $X$ be a uniform random variable between $[0,1]$. And let\[M=\min _{m X \geq 1, m \in \mathbb{N}} m .\]Then which of the following is true?$E(M)=\infty$$E(M) \in[5,10...
Lakshman Bhaiya
13.5k
points
89
views
Lakshman Bhaiya
recategorized
Jan 17, 2023
Probability and Statistics
tifr2015
probability-and-statistics
probability
random-variable
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32
TIFR ECE 2015 | Question: 9
Consider a random variable $X$ that takes integer values $1$ through $10$ each with equal probability. Now consider random variable \[ Y=\min (7, \max (X, 4)). \] What is the variance of $Y?$ $121 / 4$ $37 / 20 $ $9 / 5$ $99 / 12$ None of the above
Consider a random variable $X$ that takes integer values $1$ through $10$ each with equal probability. Now consider random variable\[Y=\min (7, \max (X, 4)).\]What is the...
Lakshman Bhaiya
13.5k
points
99
views
Lakshman Bhaiya
recategorized
Jan 17, 2023
Probability and Statistics
tifr2015
probability-and-statistics
probability
random-variable
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33
TIFR ECE 2015 | Question: 8
Let $X$ and $Y$ be two independent and identically distributed random variables. Let $Z=\max (X, Y)$ and $W=\min (X, Y)$. Which of the following is true? $Z$ and $W$ are independent $E(X Z)=E(Y W)$ $E(X Y)=E(Z W)$ $(a), (b)$, and $(c)$ $(a)$ and $(b)$ only
Let $X$ and $Y$ be two independent and identically distributed random variables. Let $Z=\max (X, Y)$ and $W=\min (X, Y)$. Which of the following is true?$Z$ and $W$ are i...
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TIFR ECE 2015 | Question: 15
Let $x_{1}=-1$ and $x_{2}=1$ be two signals that are transmitted with equal probability. If signal $x_{i}, i \in$ $\{1,2\}$ is transmitted, the received signal is $y=x_{i}+n_{i}$, where $n_{i}$ ... $\theta^{\star}$ to minimize the probability of error is $\leq 0$ None of the above.
Let $x_{1}=-1$ and $x_{2}=1$ be two signals that are transmitted with equal probability. If signal $x_{i}, i \in$ $\{1,2\}$ is transmitted, the received signal is $y=x_{i...
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TIFR ECE 2016 | Question: 12
Recall that the Shannon entropy of a random variables $X$ taking values in a finite set $S$ is given by \[H[X]=-\sum_{x \in S} \operatorname{Pr}[X=x] \log _{2} \operatorname{Pr}[X=x] .\] (We set $0 \log _{2} 0=0$.) For a pair of random variables $(X, Y)$ taking ... $H\left[R_{513}, C_{513} \mid R_{1}, R_{2}, \ldots, R_{512}\right]?$ $\log _{2} 513$ $9$ $10$ $19$ $81$
Recall that the Shannon entropy of a random variables $X$ taking values in a finite set $S$ is given by\[H[X]=-\sum_{x \in S} \operatorname{Pr}[X=x] \log _{2} \operatorna...
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TIFR ECE 2016 | Question: 11
Suppose that a random variable $X$ has a probability density function (pdf) given by \[f(x)=c \exp (-2 x)\] for $x \geq 1$, and $f(x)=0$, for $x<1$, where $c$ is an appropriate constant so that $f(x)$ is a valid pdf. What is the expected value of $X$ given that $X \geq 5?$ $5 \frac{1}{2}$ $7$ $10$ $8 \frac{1}{2}$ $6$
Suppose that a random variable $X$ has a probability density function (pdf) given by\[f(x)=c \exp (-2 x)\]for $x \geq 1$, and $f(x)=0$, for $x<1$, where $c$ is an appropr...
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TIFR ECE 2016 | Question: 10
Let $U_{1}, U_{2}, U_{3}$ be independent random variables that are each uniformly distributed between zero and one. What is the probability that the second highest value amongst the three lies between $1 / 3$ and $2 / 3?$ $\frac{2}{9}$ $\frac{1}{27}$ $\frac{13}{27}$ $\frac{1}{3}$ $\frac{7}{18}$
Let $U_{1}, U_{2}, U_{3}$ be independent random variables that are each uniformly distributed between zero and one. What is the probability that the second highest value ...
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TIFR ECE 2016 | Question: 9
Suppose $Y=X+Z$, where $X$ and $Z$ are independent zero-mean random variables each with variance $1.$ Let $\hat{X}(Y)=a Y$ be the optimal linear least-squares estimate of $X$ from $Y$, i.e., $a$ is chosen such that $E\left[(X-a Y)^{2}\right]$ is minimized. What is the resulting ... $1$ $\frac{2}{3}$ $\frac{1}{2}$ $\frac{1}{3}$ $\frac{1}{4}$
Suppose $Y=X+Z$, where $X$ and $Z$ are independent zero-mean random variables each with variance $1.$ Let $\hat{X}(Y)=a Y$ be the optimal linear least-squares estimate of...
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TIFR ECE 2016 | Question: 7
Suppose $X$ and $Y$ are independent Gaussian random variables, whose pdfs are represented below. Which of the following describes the pdf of the $X+Y?$
Suppose $X$ and $Y$ are independent Gaussian random variables, whose pdfs are represented below. Which of the following describes the pdf of the $X+Y?$
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TIFR ECE 2016 | Question: 3
Let $(X, Y)$ be a pair of independent random variables. Suppose $X$ takes values in $\{1, \ldots, 6\}$ with equal probability, and $Y$ takes values in $\{2,3\}$ with $\operatorname{Pr}[Y=2]=p$. Let $Z=(X \bmod Y)+1$ ... $\operatorname{Pr}[Z=1]=\frac{1}{2}$ for $p=\frac{1}{2}$ $\operatorname{Pr}[Z=1]=p(1-p)$ None of the above
Let $(X, Y)$ be a pair of independent random variables. Suppose $X$ takes values in $\{1, \ldots, 6\}$ with equal probability, and $Y$ takes values in $\{2,3\}$ with $\op...
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