Consider an impedance $\mathrm{Z = R + j X }$ marked with point $\mathrm{P}$ in an impedance Smith chart as shown in the figure. The movement from point $\mathrm{P}$ along a constant resistance circle in the clockwise direction by an angle $45^{\circ}$ is equivalent to
- adding an inductance in series with $\mathrm{Z}$
- adding a capacitance in series with $\mathrm{Z}$
- adding an inductance in shunt across $\mathrm{Z}$
- adding a capacitance in shunt across $\mathrm{Z}$